With the ability to search and retrieve for information scattered throughout our files, we can then quickly connect and add information without much burden.
With a cursory search, I found [[https://www.lesbonscomptes.com/recoll/][Recoll]] that fits the bill with the added bonus of being a cross-platform tool and easily configurable.
A desktop search engine like Recoll and DocFetcher uses index-based searches which enables them to search quite fast.
In order to achieve Google Search-level of search speed, you have to build an index based from the contents of the directory.
Most desktop search engines index the entire disk by default (and it is not recommended) but they should let you configure what directories to include (both Recoll and DocFetcher do).
Indices should also be continually updated as your filesystem changes.