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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><meta charSet="utf-8"/><title>Doing with images makes symbols: Communicating with computers</title><script src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6"></script><script id="MathJax-script" async="" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script><script type="text/x-mathjax-config">
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</script><meta name="next-head-count" content="6"/><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/css/52fc2ba29703df73922c.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/wiki/_next/static/css/52fc2ba29703df73922c.css" data-n-g=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/chunks/main-ae4733327bd95c4ac325.js" as="script"/><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/chunks/webpack-50bee04d1dc61f8adf5b.js" as="script"/><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/chunks/framework.9d524150d48315f49e80.js" as="script"/><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/chunks/commons.0e1c3f9aa780c2dfe9f0.js" as="script"/><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-8e3d0c58a60ec788aa69.js" as="script"/><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/chunks/940643274e605e7596ecea1f2ff8d83317a3fb76.4841a16762f602a59f00.js" as="script"/><link rel="preload" href="/wiki/_next/static/chunks/pages/%5B%5B...slug%5D%5D-1aa198f87ede1cd0e1dc.js" as="script"/></head><body><div id="__next"><main><h1>Doing with images makes symbols: Communicating with computers</h1><section class="post-metadata"><span>Date: <!-- -->2021-04-07 00:25:19 +08:00</span><span>Date modified: <!-- -->2021-05-04 20:51:32 +08:00</span></section><nav class="toc"><ol class="toc-level toc-level-1"></ol></nav><p>Graphical user interfaces (GUI) brings the possibilities of easier collaboration and accessibility for the many.
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</p><ul><li><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sketchpad">Sketchpad</a> is the first documented program to use a graphical user interface and pioneered the way for computer-aided design.
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</p></li><li><p>Since GUI makes use of the whole screen, the mouse was used as interacting with the program.
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It was however inaccurate for its usage requiring the user to switch back and forth so some devices such as the five-finger keyboard were invented to work around this problem.
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</p></li><li><p>Inspired from Sketchpad, Alan Kay worked on a programming language called Smalltalk that focuses on the visual department for computing.
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</p></li><li><p>Furthermore, he believed by focusing on a more specific audience like children will help getting a far more intuitive interface for using a computer.
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</p></li><li><p>The psychology behind user interface where based by the learning methods and its enemies (e.g., distraction).
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</p></li><li><p>In order to combat against distraction, you should distract the user with a lighter alternative.
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See Timothy Gallwey on how he claims teaching tennis can be done in an afternoon for above point
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</p></li><li><p>Humans are thought to have a dominant mindset at different stages of their life.
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At the age of 5 and below, they have the tendency to do something.
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Not minding the consequences of their future actions.
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By 6 to 11, they tend to be visual where observations are their main tools for learning.
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Then, at the teenage phase enter the "facts and logic" phase where they usually makes use of symbols.
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</p></li><li><p>An experiment done by Kay's team is to gather 3 people at different stages (5 y/o, 10 y/0, and 15 y/o) and asked them to create a Turtle program that makes a circle.
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The natural tendency is to believe the older, the better it does the task but the results are actually the opposite.
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The 5 y/o having the simplest (and most clever) by simply doing how to create a circle.
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Meanwhile, the 10 y/o observed the circle could be created with a compass and based their program around how to create a circle with a compass.
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The 15 y/o wasn't able to create one focusing on the mathematical formula to create a circle.
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</p></li><li><p>The takeaway on this experiment is how to make use of these different mindset to create an effective environment.
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(Which interestingly could be applied on effective learning.)
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</p></li><li><p>Motto: doing with images make symbols
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</p></li></ul></main></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"metadata":{"date":"\"2021-04-07 00:25:19 +08:00\"","date_modified":"\"2021-05-04 20:51:32 +08:00\"","language":"en","source":""},"title":"Doing with images makes symbols: Communicating with computers","hast":{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"nav","properties":{"className":"toc"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"ol","properties":{"className":"toc-level toc-level-1"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Graphical user interfaces (GUI) brings the possibilities of easier collaboration and accessibility for the 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