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systemd
systemd is a big tool for a big system. Let's explore some of them from a perspective of a wannabe power user.
Among other things, it has the following list of features.
- systemd timers which can replace cron for task scheduling.
- systemd services along with the usual antics of a service manager such as managing dependencies and commands to run when killed.
- systemd transient units for quickly creating and scheduling one-off services.
- systemd unit templates is handy for managing units that have common structure, enabling to start them quickly and dynamically.
- systemd environment directives enable setting environment variables from a systemd-ful session.
- systemd-networkd is the network configuration manager in case you want to do Network configuration in Linux.
- systemd-boot is a bootloader mainly for UEFI-based systems.
- systemd-journald is the system logging service providing a structured way to manage your logs from different units.
- systemd unit hardening can help your services secure.
systemd at user-level
systemd has the ability to run at user-level empowering the user to manage their own system with their own settings. It immensely helps separating user-specific settings from the system-wide settings.
systemd looks for the units from certain paths.
You can look for them from the systemd.unit.5 manual page.
To run systemd as a user instance, simply add a --user flag beforehand for systemctl and other systemd binaries, if applicable.
# See how different the output when run at user- and system-level.
systemctl --user show-units
systemctl show-units
systemctl --user show-environment
systemctl show-environment
systemctl --user start $SERVICEExtra information
systemd.directives.7is an index of configuration directives including unit keys, environment variables, and command line options for systemd-related things. Also contains the related manual pages for a deeper references. 1- On a similar note,
systemd.index.7is an alphabetical index of the important keywords found in systemd. systemd.mountunits require the filename to be the mountpoint. Though, it has to be converted to what systemd accepts (e.g.,systemd-escape --path $PATH).
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How did I pass a year without knowing this?