8094b54f35
Create a unified format for my wiki. Unfortunately, since most of my notes are created on a whim and I don't care much about metadata at the time, the timestamps are only approximations from my memory.
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Endianness
Endianness refers to how bits are read and this depends on the underlying hardware architecture. 1
For example, given the following bit, 11010, this could be read as $(1\times2^{0}) + (1\times2^{1}) + (0\times2^{2}) + (1\times2^{3}) + (0\times2^{4})$ or $11$ with the first bit being the least significant also known as little-endian. On the other hand, this could also be read as $(0\times2^{0}) + (1\times2^{1}) + (0\times2^{2}) + (1\times2^{3}) + (1\times2^{4})$ or $26$ with the last bit being the least significant which we refer to as big-endian. 2
Endianness can have subtle effects on various things — e.g., using binary data formats like FITS and HDF — like having the wrong endianness.
To know the endianness of your machine, you can simply create a test number (preferably in binary) and check for the first few digits if it's little-endian — otherwise, it is big-endian.
If you have Python installed, you can simply use sys.byteorder (e.g., python -c 'import sys; print(sys.byteorder)).