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systemd
systemd is a big tool for a big system. Let's explore some of them from a perspective of a wannabe power user.
Among other things, it has the following list of features.
- systemd timers which can replace cron for task scheduling.
- systemd services along with the usual antics of a service manager such as managing dependencies and commands to run when killed.
- systemd transient units for quickly creating and scheduling one-off services.
- systemd unit templates is handy for managing units that have common structure, enabling to start them quickly and dynamically.
- systemd environment directives enable setting environment variables from a systemd-ful session.
- systemd-networkd is the network configuration manager in case you want to do Network configuration in Linux.
- systemd-boot is a bootloader mainly for UEFI-based systems.
- systemd-journald is the system logging service providing a structured way to manage your logs from different units.
systemd at user-level
systemd has the ability to run at user-level empowering the user to manage their own system with their own settings. It immensely helps separating user-specific settings from the system-wide settings.
systemd looks for the units from certain paths.
You can look for them from the systemd.unit.5 manual page.
To run systemd as a user instance, simply add a --user flag beforehand for systemctl and other systemd binaries, if applicable.
# See how different the output when run at user- and system-level.
systemctl --user show-units
systemctl show-units
systemctl --user show-environment
systemctl show-environment
systemctl --user start $SERVICEExtra information
systemd.directives.7is an index of configuration directives including unit keys, environment variables, and command line options for systemd-related things. Also contains the related manual pages for a deeper references. 1systemd.mountunits require the filename to be the mountpoint. Though, it has to be converted to what systemd accepts (e.g.,systemd-escape --path $PATH).
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How did I pass a year without knowing this?